In stillwaters and canals they will often favour reedbeds, but will also spawn on weed and other submerged vegetation between April and July. Tench like to make it difficult for themselves by refusing to spawn until the water temperature rises to between 20 — 24 degrees C This means that their effective range in the UK is limited apart from in places that offer particularly sheltered, sunny, shallow, locations, meaning they often have to be stocked for angling purpose.
Their love of warm water means that they are one of the latest spawning fish in many places, with eggs being laid between May and July. This late spawning also means the young have a shorter growing period and growth rates are small, making it all the more difficult for juvenile fish to successfully see out their first year. Crucians are enthusiastic spawners and like to get started fairly early for cyprinids, when the water temperature is around 14 degrees C.
The males tend to chase the females so their spawning antics can often be witnessed if you are in the right place at the right time.
The eggs are laid in weedy areas and usually hatch in just days. Gudgeon, like most cyprinids, form tubercles on the head little light coloured bumps at spawning time and the females lay their eggs in several batches once the water temperature reaches around 14 Degrees C so normally in May or June depending on location. The eggs are actually quite large for such a small fish. I will include some information about the minnow, despite it being of limited interest to anglers other than as a bait, mostly because I was lucky enough to film a huge number of minnows spawning on the River Wye in and I thought it was worth including the video here.
Minnows will often migrate quite large distances to spawn and can be witnessed trying to get over weirs and other obsticles like miniature salmon! During spawning they change colour and their fairly dull exterior changes to bright oranges and bright greens.
They like to spawn in gravel or pebble areas when the water is between Degrees C. Bream are famous for having very obvious tubercles white bumps on their head at spawning time and the temperature they begin spawning various quite a lot ranging between degrees. They are another species that likes shallow, weedy areas and they will spawn more than once, often with an interval of about a week between sessions. The males get very territorial during spawning and will even attack lures intended for perch quite viciously on occasion.
Bream will migrate huge distances 60Km plus to visit historic spawning areas, often swimming past very similar habitat to get to where generations of bream have spawned in years past.
Examples of the size and numbers of eggs in relation to the size of the parent fish are:. The small eggs of May-July spawning cyprinids are usually attached to water weeds. They contain very little yolk and develop quickly, hatching after a few days into very small alevins. The tiny, delicate fry can eat only minute organisms such as diatoms, rotifers and water fleas and their food is generally different from that of adults.
These small food organisms are very abundant in summer in still water or in the shallow weedy areas of rivers where there is little or no flow.
In some species such as Carp and Bream, the fry have adhesive organs and attach themselves to plants. This can be a great time to find feeding carp as they will often be on a post spawn feeding frenzy, the weights of the carp will generally be lower due to the fact they have just spawned. Carp can often be caught at their biggest weights prior to spawning, due to the fact they can feed up and carry spawn.
Carp are cold blooded, therefore the water temperature which they swim in has a big effect on the carp itself and its behaviour. It can be very difficult to catch carp in water temperatures below 3. Ideally in winter months you want the water temperature to be above this to increase your chances of a bite.
It is important to note that the air temperature wont be significant to whether the carp feed or not, it is the water temperature which will dictate this. The ideal water temperature to catch carp in is between 10 and 18 degrees centigrade , the temperature is not too cold to switch the carp off of feeding and is not too hot to switch them off of feeding and sitting in the upper layers. If the water temperature is over 18 degrees centigrade and it too hot, the carp will tend to switch off feeding due to the water not being able to hold as much oxygen.
It can still be worth su r face fishing or zig fishing for carp when they are in the upper layers of the water, they can still be caught. To gauge what you think the water temperature may be, it is well worth keeping an eye on the weather before your session, rising air temperature will cause the water to warm up. So if it has been particularly cooler and is starting to warm up, this gradual rise in temperature can encourage a feeding spell and will certainly be a good time to be on the bank to catch some carp.
You might not be able to get the exact water temperature of the water in the depths you are fishing at, but you can gauge whether the water temperature is rising or dropping with the use of a thermometer to take the temperature from the edge. If the water temperature is rising from cold to hot this can switch the carp on to feed and vice versa, if the water temperature has been too hot and is gradually cooling off this can also encourage the carp to switch on and feed.
There is no proof that spawning itself can cause carp to die but carp can be weaker during or after spawning, therefore they may be more susceptible and less resilient to changes in their environment such as oxygen depletion in the water, or a potential algae bloom which could be detrimental to the carps health. Carp can injure themselves during spawning, the reason behind this is when the female carp are getting closer to the point of releasing their eggs, the male carp tend to become more frantic and aggressive.
This results in the male and female carp thrashing around in the shallow water and the margins as the female carp release their eggs onto features like weed and the male carp fertilise the eggs with their milt. The time in which carp spawn can vary, it could range from a few days to being on and off for a few weeks. The time they do this will vary from water to water, as it is entirely dependent on water temperature.
Some may have spawned already, others will be a long way off. So, it really is just about judging the situation from the behaviour of your target fish. Many species are naturally shoaled together throughout the year. But in the coming months, look out for groups of fish following each other quickly through weedbeds, close to marginal reeds or in shallow areas of the lake.
What you will initially start to see, is smaller male fish following the female and nudging at her to release her eggs. They will then frantically be looking to get in line to fertilise these once she has released. For this reason, you will find male fish are far more active early on. These will usually be smaller fish, with a different shape and profile to the females. Males will be longer and leaner than the females, and particularly with carp, will have massive fins.
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