Myers N. Environmental refugees: an emergent security issue. Czech Republic : Prague , Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration. Climate variability and international migration: the importance of the agricultural linkage.
J Environ Econ Manag ; 79 : — Do climate variations explain bilateral migration? A gravity model analysis. IZA J Migration ; 4 : 3. Coniglio ND , Pesce G. Climate variability and international migration: an empirical analysis.
Environ Dev Econ ; 20 : — Potentially extreme population displacement and concentration in the tropics under non-extreme warming. Sci Rep ; 6 : California fires only add to acute housing crisis. The New York Times ; 15 : Assessing extreme weather-related vulnerability and identifying resilience options for California's interdependent transportation fuel sector. August Fussell E.
The long term recovery of New Orleans' population after hurricane Katrina. Am Behav Sci ; 59 : — Sastry N , Gregory J. The location of displaced New Orleans residents in the year after hurricane Katrina. Demography ; 51 : — Demographic effects of natural disasters: a case study of hurricane Andrew.
Demography ; 33 : — Climate-driven migration: an exploratory case study of Maasai health perceptions and help-seeking behaviors. Int J Public Health ; 61 : — 9. Climate change in the Fertile Crescent and implications of the recent Syrian drought.
Operational Portal. Refugee Situations. Mediterranean Situation. Banjeree L. Effect of flood on agricultural wages in Bangladesh: an empirical analysis. World Dev ; 35 : — Modelling the increased frequency of extreme sea levels in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta due to sea level rise and other effects of climate change. Environ Sci: Processes Impacts ; 17 : — Heat stress increases long-term human migration in rural Pakistan.
Nat Clim Chang ; 4 : — 5. Greenaway C , Castelli F. Infectious diseases at different stages of migration: an expert review. J Travel Med ; Pavli A , Maltezou H. Health problems of newly arrived migrants and refugees in Europe. Human mobility and health in a warming world. Estimating the incidence of heat-related deaths among immigrants in Pima County, Arizona.
J Immigr Minor Health ; 8 : — Association of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality and hospitalization among hurricane Katrina survivors with end-stage renal disease. Am J Public Health ; : e — 7. Stress, migration, and allostatic load: a model based on Mexican migrants in Columbus, Ohio. J Physiol Anthropol ; 37 : A review of the affects of worry and generalized anxiety disorder upon cardiovascular health and coronary heart disease.
Psychol Health Med ; 18 : — Cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD : a narrative review. Psychiatr Danub ; 29 : — Cumulative psychological stress and cardiovascular disease risk in middle aged and older women: rationale, design, and baseline characteristics. Am Heart J ; : 1 — Determinants and drivers of infectious disease threat events in Europe.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 22 : — 9. Observed and projected drivers of emerging infectious diseases in Europe. Ann N Y Acad Sci ; : 73 — Public health needs of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Europe, infectious disease aspects. Eur J Public Health ; 26 : — 3. Heywood AE. Measles: a re-emerging problem in migrants and travellers.
McMichael C. Climate change-related migration and infectious disease. Virulence ; 6 : — A systematic review of post-migration acquisition of HIV among migrants from countries with generalised HIV epidemics living in Europe: mplications for effectively managing HIV prevention programmes and policy.
BMC Public Health ; 15 : Euro Surveill ; A predominant variable-number tandem-repeat cluster of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates among asylum seekers in the Netherlands and Denmark, deciphered by whole-genome sequencing.
J Clin Microbiol ; Seasonal influenza vaccination among Mexican migrants traveling through the Mexico-US border region. Prev Med ; 71 : 57 — An outbreak of cholera among migrants living in a Thai-Myanmar border area. J Med Assoc Thai ; 91 : — Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis ; 18 : — High levels of postmigration HIV acquisition within nine European countries. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
Abbott A. The mental-health crisis among migrants. Nature ; : — Global travel patterns: an overview. Abingdon, Oxon, UK : Routledge , Last chance tourism and the great barrier reef. J Sustain Tour ; 25 : — Implications of climate change for glacier tourism. Tourism Geographies ; 18 : — Hussain M , Mumtaz S. Climate change and managing water crisis: Pakistan's perspective. Rev Environ Health ; 29 : 71 — 7. Tourism Geographies ; 15 : — More arboviral disease outbreaks in continental Europe due to the warming climate?
J Travel Med Modelling the effects of global climate change on chikungunya transmission in the 21 st century. Sci Rep ; 7 : Paz S , Semenza JC. El Nino and climate change--contributing factors in the dispersal of Zika virus in the Americas? Lancet London, England ; : Analyzing climate variations at multiple timescales can guide Zika virus response measures.
GigaScience ; 5 : 1 — 6. Vector-borne diseases and climate change: a European perspective. Refractory periods and climate forcing in cholera dynamics. Walker JT. The influence of climate change on waterborne disease and legionella: a review. Perspect Public Health ; : — 6.
The global spread of healthcare-associated multidrug-resistant bacteria: a perspective from Asia. Clin Infect Dis ; 56 : — 8. Antibiotic resistance increases with local temperature. Nat Clim Chang ; 8 : — 4. International dispersal of dengue through air travel: importation risk for Europe.
Global traffic and disease vector dispersal. Global trends in emerging infectious diseases. Nature ; : — 3. Transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome on aircraft.
N Engl J Med ; : — Spread of a novel influenza a H1N1 virus via global airline transportation. Middle East respiratory syndrome. Lancet London, England ; : — Ebola viral disease outbreak--West Africa, Epidemiology of chikungunya in the Americas. J Infect Dis ; : S — 5. Zika virus in the Americas: early epidemiological and genetic findings. Science New York, NY ; : — 9. Occurrence of vibrio species, beta-lactam resistant vibrio species, and indicator bacteria in ballast and port waters of a tropical harbor.
Sci Total Environ ; — : — 6. Rapid diversification of measles virus genotypes circulating in Morocco during epidemics. J Med Virol ; 78 : — The emergence of rotavirus G12 and the prevalence of enteric viruses in hospitalized pediatric diarrheal patients in southern Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 85 : — Semenza JC , Zeller H. Integrated surveillance for prevention and control of emerging vector-borne diseases in Europe. The potential impacts of 21st century climatic and population changes on human exposure to the virus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.
Clim Change ; : — Windsor-Essex County Health Unit. Aedes aegypti Mosquito. Climate change projections of West Nile virus infections in Europe: implications for blood safety practices. Environ Health ; 15 : Blood supply under threat. Nat Clim Chang ; 3 : — 5. Emerging infectious threats to the blood supply.
Annu Rev Med ; 55 : — Emerging infectious diseases that threaten the blood supply. Sem Hematol ; 44 : 32 — Stramer SL. Current perspectives in transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases: emerging and re-emerging infections. ISBT science series ; 9 : 30 — 6. Emerging infectious disease agents and their potential threat to transfusion safety.
Transfusion ; 49 : 1S — 29S. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Sign In or Create an Account. Sign In. Advanced Search. Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation.
Volume Article Contents Abstract. Author Contributions. Climate change impact on migration, travel, travel destinations and the tourism industry. To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: Jan. Semenza ecdc. Oxford Academic. Kristie L Ebi, PhD. Revision requested:. Revision received:. Select Format Select format.
Permissions Icon Permissions. Abstract Background: Climate change is not only increasing ambient temperature but also accelerating the frequency, duration and intensity of extreme weather and climate events, such as heavy precipitation and droughts, and causing sea level rise, which can lead to population displacement.
Climate change , travel , migration. Table 1 Migration, agenda for SDG and climate change. Climate Change. No poverty IDPs are often the poorest in their countries, as many had to leave belongings and work behind. Internal displacement also implies additional costs for host communities and aid providers. Increases resilience to climate change 2. Zero hunger Internal displacement affects food security if food is no longer produced in regions of origin and resources are strained in areas of refuge.
Increases resilience to climate change 3. Health facilities may be strained in host areas; coverage and quality may diminish. Increases resilience to climate change 4. Quality education Displaced children may be out of school for months or years. Children in host communities may suffer from lower quality of education if classrooms are overfilled. Increases resilience to climate change 5. Gender equality Women tend to suffer most from lack of infrastructure in temporary settlements.
Displacement can also increase gender-based violence. Increases resilience to climate change 6. Clean water and sanitation Camps often provide limited access to water, sanitation and energy. Basic infrastructure in host communities may be overused and suffer shortages. Increases resilience to climate change 7. Affordable and clean energy Lack of bio fuel can force out-migration.
Addresses some of the fundamental causes of climate change 8. Decent work and economic growth IDPs often leave their source of income behind and must find work in their host area, pressuring the local labour market. Reduced productivity, consumption, exports and taxes harm the economy. Increases resilience to climate change 9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure Resilient infrastructure and sustainable industries may help limit the scale of disaster-induced displacement.
Addresses some of the fundamental causes of climate change Reduced inequalities IDPs should be able to enjoy the same rights and opportunities as their compatriots but often suffer from inequality and discrimination. Increases resilience to climate change Sustainable cities and communities Urban systems can be stretched by the sudden and unplanned arrival of IDPs in cities.
Informal settlements, urban poverty and further displacement risk can increase. Many countries are facing challenges to cope with urban displacement. Responsible consumption and production Unsustainable use of natural resources, environmental degradation and climate change already push millions of people from their homes and will likely cause more displacement in the coming years.
Climate action NA Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Life below water Sustainable management of marine ecosystems preserves local food sources. Life on land Sustainable management of terrestrial ecosystems preserves local food sources. Peace, justice and strong institutions Conflict and violence displaced Internal displacement can also facilitate the recruitment of IDPs by armed groups.
Partnerships for the goals The scale and intensity of internal displacement can be reduced by dedicated policies, greater national accountability, increased participation and specific progress monitoring. Increases resilience to climate change. Open in new tab. Open in new tab Download slide. Table 2 Climate migration for Ethiopia, Bangladesh and Mexico in Population in compared with Increases to million from million in SSP2 or million from million in SSP4 a Increases to million from million in SSP2 or million from million in SSP4 a Increases to million from million in SSP2 or million from million in SSP4 a Number of climate migrants by Highest in more climate-friendly scenario, with average projection of 1.
Infectious disease. Evidence-based statement. Those with an abnormal CXR should be referred for assessment of active TB and have a sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
If HIV positive, link to care and treatment as per clinical guidelines. Schistosomiasis Offer serological screening and treatment for those found to be positive to all migrants from countries of high endemicity in sub-Saharan Africa and focal areas of transmission in Asia, South America and North Africa.
Strongyloidiasis Offer serological screening and treatment for those found to be positive for strongyloidiasis to all migrants from countries of high endemicity in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Oceania and Latin America. Vaccine-preventable diseases Offer vaccination against MMR to all migrant children and adolescents without immunization records as a priority.
Offer vaccination to all migrant adults without immunization records with either one dose of MMR or in accordance with the MMR immunization schedule of the host country. Offer vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and HiB a DTaP-IPV-Hib to all migrant children and adolescents without immunization records as a priority.
Offer vaccination to all adult migrants without immunization records in accordance with the immunization schedule of the host country. If this is not possible, adult migrants should be given a primary series of diphtheria, tetanus and polio vaccines. See Table 5 for details. Table 4 Diseases to be considered a for differential diagnosis among migrant populations Clinical presentation. Differential diagnosis to consider.
Fever Typhoid fever Malaria Louse-borne diseases Visceral leishmaniasis Amoebic abscess Arboviruses Respiratory symptoms Tuberculosis Influenza Gastrointestinal symptoms Cholera Typhoid fever Shigellosis Amoebic colitis Helminthiasis: ascaris, whipworm and hookworm Sores Scabies Cutaneous leishmaniasis Cutaneous diphtheria Skin rash Measles Rubella Louse-borne diseases Meningitis or other neurological symptoms Rabies Invasive bacterial diseases Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenza type b and Streptococci pneumoniae Polio Dengue and other arboviruses.
Two doses of MMR a should be administered at least 1 month apart but preferably longer according to national guidelines. Measles vaccine provided before 12 months of age does not induce protection in all and should be repeated after 12 months of age. Administer one or two doses of MMR to all individuals, according to national guidelines. By exploring in which ways EEG and REG add value to tourism studies, the approach proposed is capable of bringing valuable insights for shedding light on questions such as why some destinations experience a sudden growth and others undergo a more progressive path of development?
Why some tourist places manage to rejuvenate and enhance their competitiveness while others cannot adapt themselves to the constant changes of the global tourism market? These are knowledge transfer management and collaboration, demand changes, and product reorganisation and can be linked to the catalysts of evolutionary change identified in the analytical model put forward in the thesis — i. This multi-method approach allowed to gain a comprehensive appreciation of the transformation and reconfiguration of the destination under study.
First, as regards the human agency catalyst, a two-mode social network analysis approach was applied as a powerful tool to uncover which actors act as brokers in knowledge networks resulting from interactions taking place at specialised seminars and courses organised in the study area in and Third, an iterative document analysis procedure including a range of relevant municipal and regional planning documents, media articles, and prior literature and research on the study area , served to show the capacity and potential for the framework put forward in the thesis in interpreting a key moment in the evolution of central Costa Daurada — the opening of the Port Aventura theme park in the mids.
To start with, from the first empirical research emerges that administered knowledge networks with a Technology and Innovation Centre as main hub i.
The second empirical work evidences that strategic coupling between local stakeholders and global actors i. In addition to this epistemological contribution, the findings of this thesis provide, as well, valuable information to guide leading policy and agency strategies aimed to maintain and increase the sustainability and competitiveness of destinations. Agarwal, S. Bathelt, H. Boschma, R. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar. Brouder, P. Oxon and New York, Routledge. Butler, R. Clevedon, Channel View.
Christaller, W. Gilbert, E. Jones, A.
0コメント